Why Apollo Astronauts Trained in Nuclear Bomb Craters
čas přidán 18. 07. 2019
Apollo astronauts trained in nuclear bomb craters at the Nevada National Security Site. But why?Thanks Audible! Start listening with a 30-day trial and your first audiobook plus two Audible Originals free when you go to audible.com/veritasium or text veritasium to 500500
I found this story fascinating because in a way a nuclear bomb crater is more like a meteorite impact site than an impact site itself. Consider: Barringer Crater was claimed to be a meteorite impact site but geologists dismissed it as a volcanic formation. It was only after studying nuclear bomb craters and the minerals found there that geologists concluded the energy and pressures that created Barringer Crater were too high to be from volcanic activity and therefore must have formed from a meteorite impact.
Special Thanks to:
Nevada National Security Site
The National Atomic Testing Museum
Jonny Hyman and Verse: • The Great Moon Sp...
Active Galactic for footage of craters in Arizona: • Why did NASA Expl...
Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
a human, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Brent Stewart, Bryan Baker, Chris Vargas, Chuck Lauer Vose, Clip Tree, Coale Shifflett, Colin Bellmore, DALE HORNE, Daniel Milum, Donal Botkin, Eric Velazquez, Illya Nayshevsky, James Knight, James Wong, Jasper Xin, Joar Wandborg, Johnny, June Kang, Kevin Beavers, kkm, Leah Howard, Listen Money Matters, Lyvann Ferrusca, Manuel Zürcher, Mathias Göransson, Michael Bradley Wirz, Michael Krugman, Mohammed Al Sahaf, OddJosh, Philipp Volgger, Pindex, Roberto Rezende, Robin DeBank, Ron Neal, Sam Lutfi, Stan Presolski, Tige Thorman, Warrior8252
Filmed by Raquel Nuno
Story and Editing by Derek Muller and Jonny Hyman
Music and Animation by Jonny Hyman
Produced by Casey Rentz
I found this story fascinating because in a way a nuclear bomb crater is more like a meteorite impact site than an impact site itself. Consider: Barringer Crater was claimed to be a meteorite impact site but geologists dismissed it as a volcanic formation. It was only after studying nuclear bomb craters and the minerals found there that geologists concluded the energy and pressures that created Barringer Crater were too high to be from volcanic activity and therefore must have formed from a meteorite impact.
Special Thanks to:
Nevada National Security Site
The National Atomic Testing Museum
Jonny Hyman and Verse: • The Great Moon Sp...
Active Galactic for footage of craters in Arizona: • Why did NASA Expl...
Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
a human, Alfred Wallace, Arjun Chakroborty, Brent Stewart, Bryan Baker, Chris Vargas, Chuck Lauer Vose, Clip Tree, Coale Shifflett, Colin Bellmore, DALE HORNE, Daniel Milum, Donal Botkin, Eric Velazquez, Illya Nayshevsky, James Knight, James Wong, Jasper Xin, Joar Wandborg, Johnny, June Kang, Kevin Beavers, kkm, Leah Howard, Listen Money Matters, Lyvann Ferrusca, Manuel Zürcher, Mathias Göransson, Michael Bradley Wirz, Michael Krugman, Mohammed Al Sahaf, OddJosh, Philipp Volgger, Pindex, Roberto Rezende, Robin DeBank, Ron Neal, Sam Lutfi, Stan Presolski, Tige Thorman, Warrior8252
Filmed by Raquel Nuno
Story and Editing by Derek Muller and Jonny Hyman
Music and Animation by Jonny Hyman
Produced by Casey Rentz
Komentáře: 8 675
The astronauts were exposed to some additional radiation from visiting the site, but they were about to go to the moon. So radiation was part of the job.
If you can survive this, you can survive that too and if you can handle that, you can handle those too...
Neat Derek!
Thanks for the awesome video Derek.
only 3.6 rontegen not great not terrible
DMoney Industry Yes it was rad...ioactive!
It honestly makes me happy hearing the astronauts of Apollo exclaiming that they found the rocks they wanted. There's something so amazing about the journey and the relief and joy they must have felt. You can hear it in their voices.
Nerd
Think of how happy it makes humans to hear / repeat song lyrics and patterns that they like but takes very little effort to know. It must have made those humans so happy to say speak back and understand the names of the minerals and know what they are, their properties, and any implications it could have for their understanding of the galaxy. Good humans.
@Nicolò Cantaluppi They should too, considering it was probably fake.
I learned more about the moon in 13 minutes than I ever learned in school. Keep up the good work.
I know
True that
roger smart same
roger smart TBF to school you probably learned more about the moon there it’s just the way they try to get you to learn the information isn’t interesting whatsoever I mean who finds reading facts about the moon through popcorn reading “fun”? For learning to be effective it has to be enjoyable or just shoved down your throat till the point it’s near impossible to forget
@Kingsly i agree
I like how the cold war basically was the US and the USSR bombing themselves to prepare for when the other side decides to bomb them
Both countries have ridiculously large swaths of uninhabited land, so it’s really not surprising.
@Binyomin Zerach Berman I love recommending my fellow Science-Fans stuff, so hipe you dont mind that this is rather random: For Science: -Veritasium. -Sci Man Dan. -Its ok to be smart. -Neil Red. -Michio Kaku. -Kosmo. For History: -Oversimplified. -CGP Grey. Religion: -Believe it or Not. -Genetically Modified Sceptic. General Education/Various-Stuff: -Illuminaughtii. -Hbomberguy! -CGP Grey (yes, again)
@Nen Master5 no way you don’t have Vsauce on there :0 he literally is like the most famous science CS-tvr
@Leslie Scoren My friend, that is exactly the Reason why i DONT have him. To not be redundant! For none of things i choose to recommend the Literally most Famous, cause that's not quite helpful, is it? ?
Imagine the moon being covered in lava today, and being able to see it in the middle of the night...
I know what we could call it... the sun!
Mike Price It probably wouldn’t be bright enough to light up the sky, however on new moons, quarters, and crescents where we would normally see it dark, it would glow red.
@Mike Price the sun isn't made out of lava... The stuff on the surface is hydrogen :p and if there was lava it would be under the surface making it magma
History would be different
I feel like we can already see the moon at night?
Apollo, and every US astronaut pilot and mission commander since Mercury, have been test pilots, ie graduates of the USAF Test Pilot school or other service equivalent. Test pilots are not just expert pilots, they have scientific or engineering degrees, and a test pilot school graduate has the equivalent education of a scientific or engineering PhD. They are professional scientists, just on the practical side of aero and astronautics.
That is just not true. "The USAF TPS curriculum is designed to grant a Master of Science degree in flight test engineering through the Air Force's Air University at the end of the 48-week course" It grants a Masters degree, that is not "the equivalent education of a scientific or engineering PhD"
This is what I call "science for the crater good"
*ba dum tss!* 🥁 😂 🤣 😅
It's Okay To Be Smart, stop
When you are going to the moon ?
P... please no
Jooeeee
I love that these astronauts were so excited about lunar geology. The Apollo program wasn't designed for scientists to be the astronauts, but the people they chose were just the right sort to understand why geology is exciting💜 I also love that we now expect astronauts to be scientists as well as pilots.
So far, only a single scientist has visited the surface of the moon... but that will change in 2025 with the Artemis 3 landings!
One question that would be interesting to answer: Does the crystallised rocks in the moon's surface help reflect the sun's light (essentially creating moonlight)?
Yes, moon dust has the property retro-reflectivity - reflecting light directly back towards the source. the-moon.us/wiki/Retro-Reflection_phenomena
Mind blown
Good question
Bahahah y’all are so gullible I swear. Astro-nots
No not at all. Actually the moon creates it own light. And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also. And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, Genesis 1:16-17 KJVAAE Also you can do an experiment testing the temperature of moonlight; it's actually much cooler than the darkness where shadows are created.
I can’t imagine the power needed to excavate a pit that large. Insane.
...read that book A Man on the Moon when it came out about 25 years ago. An awesome book for anyone interested in the US space programme - I wasn't surprised when Derek Muller mentioned it at the end because the training of the astronauts to be the eyes of all of earth's geologists and geophysicists was a memorable part of the book... there it is still on my bookshelf. Awesome read...!
I love how informative these videos are, it's a real educational channel and for that I am thankful.
big plot twist: dinosaurs had nuclear technology and wiped themselves out
not dinosaurs but but native Americans
Imagine the Demon Core accident but with a T-Rex holding up the beryllium dome with its tiny hands.
@X_X Exactly. Humans are the product of nuclear mutation of dinosaurs. We are all basically T-Rexes and velociraptors... ok, most of people are just stupid gallimimus.
Still a valid hypothesis, where there aren't significant evidence that dinosaurs weren't advanced. Even nuclear disasters like Chernobyl would have radiation lasting hundreds of thousands of years, plenty of time in 65 million year span from their great extinction. Any significantly advanced civilization would build things that would recycle and not stay forever like we are doing right now. Would there be traces of humans 65 million years from now?
@EFSpartan just from their skeletons one can see that they were in fact not technologically advanced enough. How advanced their speech was, how much they traveled etc. Besides all that, a T-Rex that handles machines would be absolutely hilarious.
This is super cool! It hadn't occurred to me that an underground nuclear explosion would be the closest analog to a meteor impact, but now that you've explained it... it feels like I've always known that, haha! I found this video additionally fascinating because I live near another important Apollo training site: the shield volcanoes of Hawai‘i's Big Island! This was another place the astronauts were trained in geology, and lunar buggies were tested. Again, similar terrain to the moon, but also the rocks from shield volcanoes like those in Hawai‘i are geochemically very similar to Lunar and Martian regolith! There's a long (and continuing) history of cutting-edge space science that goes on here for that reason! Thank you as always for your excellent brain-tickling content.
I love NASA’s attention to detail that they blasted holes in the desert to match the Apollo 11 landing site. Simple low tech solution when they didn’t have the kind of high definition simulator technology we do now
…Is anyone else also wondering if the sites were still radioactive when the astronauts visited them?
Ion even get why the dude who made this video is that close to the crater. I wouldn't be in that state at all
@GabeDidIt probably because that was detonated in the 50s? and it’s 2022?
@The Diplomatic Podcast hell naw couldn't be me
I think I would just be irradiated not radioactive so it would be fairly safe
@The Diplomatic Podcast half life of uranium and other radioactive elements in nukes are REALLY long like REALLY long it takes a while for those types of elements to deteriorate
Amazing details from the Apollo missions! Didn't know they had had so much geology training. Never have seen that history and footage of the craters created by nuclear explosions. Great episode!
I never really thought about it until watching a video like a month or 2 ago that was saying how scientists were refuting the Chicxulub crater as meteorite impact for a long time because they couldn't find any debris, not yet understanding that the meteor impact vaporizes it completely. After hearing that it makes perfect sense, at least for me most representations of meteors have been in old movies and games, to pick a recent one I played Final Fantasy V, very early on you travel to different meteor sites and all of the "impact" sites have a cone shape with a tail where it hit and dragged. Idk why until now.. maybe I just never gave it much thought but that tail pattern is so illogical especial when the meteorite is still fully intact at the other end!
Still going strong after all these years. And not a bit of quality loss. Love it man. Thank you.
He is really great! We are very lucky! 🤗❤️
Robert Jansen he doesn't mean pixel quality
Very interesting. You imply that we might never have fully understood the formation of impact craters without having first conducted underground nuclear tests (capable of generating the heat and energy necessary to form these kinds of full sized craters artofficially). Nice video and explanation.
This considering information made me so much more fascinated by the lunar mission. It was not only the rockets journey from here to there, it was also the journey of the astronauts doing the actual expedition on another world
I’m more mind blown by the craters created by nukes, that’s just insane how power we can create!
And these was only in kilotons powerlevels just imagine what would happen with a 50 megaton thermonuclear fusion device thats insane !
Thank you so much for these amazing videos. They are always so well done and informative. Your dedication to this channel means a great deal to me.
That shot right at the start showing all of the craters was insane after seeing how big only 1 is and there's over 900!
Really interesting video bruh. Love how you structure the story. It takes more effort than it looks.
Yeah, it takes much effort to lie.
@Steved D So stop lying to yourself.
yeah, moon rocks that were actually independently tested actually ended up being petrified wood. so who lied? google "moon rock petrified wood."
@mark collard rofl.
@mark collard Yes, google it! Because if you would do that, you would have found out that these wood pieces were a joke by two artists. NASA itself NEVER said that they were moon rocks, even more, NASA never even claimed that they have given a moon rock to the dutch museum you are referring to. But as always, when it comes to claims that fit the view of you conspiracy believers, you dan't do proper research, but read only the parts that fit into your believes, and then stop research, or even dismiss parts as false. And all just because you want to still believe in your fantasies instead of just admitting you are wrong.
Hey Veritasium, could you do a video on if gravity is different at the equator than it is at the poles due to the rotation of the Earth. And if so, how much would that change be.
There's an HBO mini series produced by Tom Hanks. In every episode they focused on different part of the Apollo project. One episode was about how they taught the astronauts to be geologists. It was really interesting, it's a really good series!
These sites are awesome if people haven’t been there. Crazy how you think it’s not that deep then you look at pictures and it’s huge
You always manage to make something that would be otherwise boring - fascinating! Thank you!
I always just thought becoming an astronaut was easy and was what I wanted to be until I realized how smart they actually are.
Thanks for being one of the best educational CS-tvrs on this site.
here is a reply
the best educatianal CS-tvrs on this site, are there other sites besites CS-tv where you could be a CS-tvr?
@aampudia8 if they are on vimeo they are no CS-tvrs. You need to use CS-tv in order to be a CS-tvr. The description is with in the name.
@sirBrouwer i know... thats why it's really weird to say "the best educational youtubers on this site"..... don't you think??
Honestly you are absolutely the best on CS-tv in transforming the most complicated things into an easy things for anyone to understand, The hard work that you invest in your videos deserve lots of appreciation, MUCH LOVE FROM PALESTINE.
It really is sad how little of its promise nuclear technology actually was able to fullfill. You can't deny nuclear ships and subs are amazing uses of it, but the potential to have small nuclear power stations in every community (like they did at the base in Greenland or Project Iceworm) just couldn't happen. They really must have thought they were going to cheaply power the entire world. Maybe some day LFTR or something similar makes this possible.
It's a definite let-down, especially considering most nuclear reactors aren't even as efficient or effective as solar farms and other, often cleaner types of energy
@S S Too bad solar farms lack the rotational intertia turbine driven power does.
I think it’d be interesting to see what they would uncover if they were able to drill out a part of the moon to see what’s below the surface
It would be cool but I feel like it would be the same material no matter how deep you go. I could be wrong though🤷🏻♂️
@Ryan Cross that’s why I think it’d be cool because if it’s like the earth it would have different layers to it
Can you do a video on what it would take to build an interplanetary space cannon on Earth. I've seen fictional ones that are based in water that are absurd, but what would the math be for one built in a mountain. Supposing the barrel extends past the troposhpere how powerful would the launch have to be how deep would it have to go and the construction challenges behind it. I would pick a mountain with good altitude but an incline that makes the thing basically a glorified hill.
Fun fact: they sent Apollo 16 astronauts to Sudbury, Ontario to study the breccia of the crater that forms the Sudbury basin. It is the only Canadian city namechecked by the Apollo astronauts.
"to determine how homes and household items could be made to withstand nuclear bombs" conclusion: they can't. everyone will die. "to determine if we can use nuclear weapons to excavate ground for civilian purposes" conclusion: we can't. everyone will die.
Conclusion : Bomb was only used to kill people
Best conclusion than nothing👍
wut, did you not see the video? there were some houses that still stood after being blasted, they were right there beside the totally blown away "normal" houses that were right next to them.
@Napoleonic S are you sure you weren't looking at a bunker?
fridges are nuclear blast resistant, don't you watch movies?
Hello Veritasium. I am writing from Russia and I want to thank you for all the knowledge that you gave me. I heard the news about the statistics of the channel and decided to subscribe and evaluate all the videos. There are a lot of stupid people in our country who are devoted to sports and know science. But I hope that your channel will grow and develop.
As always, super-fantastic. Thanks for bringing this to us all.
They used dynamite to create a replica of the actual Moon's craters? I've always been a Moon landing fan, but never knew that, amazing.
Obrigado pelas informações! Muito bom!
Sometimes when I watch science stuff like this, I wonder if we already know everything there WAS to know and at this point we are literally making things up that actually become reality.
Cold war expectation: USA nukes Russia, Russia nukes USa Cold war reality: USA nukes USA, Russia nukes Russia.
And they were both much happier for that option. Everyone wins!
*USSR
Mint The USSR and the Soviets are the same.
Aarambh Verma actually, if you look at the actual agreements and ensuing politics of the 1991 dissolution, Russia *technically* didn’t leave the USSR, and they, in a way, assumed the titles and powers of the USSR (but it “ended” the Cold War, obviously). Therefore, as some (forgot who) political leaders have claimed, Russia and the USSR are technically the same entity, just renamed, the 1991 dissolution was merely a way for Ukraine and everyone still in the USSR to get out, leaving just Russia in the USSR, which, at the time of dissolution, was still inclusive of Russia. TL;DR, Russia and the USSR could be legally argued to be the same legal entity
stolen joke but still funny tho
Just imagine watching a nuclear blast and not being harmed in any way that would be sick
Just curious: How did you get permission to bring a camera/make a video at Sedan Crater? There are public tours of the Nevada Test Site, but visitors are not allowed to bring cameras, cell phones, binoculars, GPS receivers, etc. etc. (Also, did you have to jump through any extra hoops not being a US citizen (I presume)?)
Lol I love how bombs are still quantified in terms of TNT or dynamite sticks, as if it’s 1912 and most people know what that ‘feels like’ Oh man, a thousand sticks of dynamite!? I remember last week when I was excavating that hole near San Fran for gold that was a big blast, so it’s even bigger than that!?
It’s insane to watch the paint and the tar in the shingles flash to flame and vaporize a few SECONDS before the buildings are toppled
Super informative, thanks for the great content.
Fun fact: he's closer to Area 51 than anyone wanting to raid it in September :p
They actually give two different tours to this site, one depending on if there is a non-citizen in the group, and another, through a different gate*, if there is only U.S Citizens present. *I think. That whole area is surrounded by more secret sites than just Area 51. There is a drone facility, an airforce base, and countless other top secret runways and bases than well ever know along with a ton of craters and weapons testing grounds.
CS-tv algorithm right there buddy
About 13 miles (21 kilometers) away as the crow flies, according to Google Earth.
Sep 20: Naruto run
I was gonna say that, its kinda nice having an educated and civil comments section. Its kind of a novelty in 2019
Thanks man, Love your channel and the huge effort you put in your content (Y)
I always wondered if the smoothness of the lunar terrain was just fuzzy old camera footage, or because there's no erosion on the moon, so any dust kicked up settles like snowfall over the landscape.
Wow! Really let's give this guy a PhD for Math and Science! Explanation is so well thought! Good Job!
Wonderful! I love your videos. I have been watching them for some time now. Your choice of topics simply amazes me. Good luck going forward.
Its amazing to see those crater fields and know they were made with bombs.
10:15 This is part of why space exploration is so compelling. Connecting human activity with the formation of celestial bodies - explaining how exactly this mineral sample came to exist at that exact place and time under your microscope. It's absolute awe-inspiring the connection science allows us to have with the cosmos.
Excellent video! I saw the original Moon Walk live, and monitored the CS-tv "real time + 50 yrs" synched broadcast of Apollo events last weekend. WOW! It's still an amazing, nearly incredible feat! Thanks, CS-tv!
My uncle used to work at the test sight as a miner. After the detonations they dug a tunnels under the craters and found black glass from the extreme heat.
Many of the landings we're in craters. The Hasselblad cameras used for the Apollo missions photography are designed to limit depth of field in the photos, which is why you see the black '+' symbols in the photos-and never actually see the crater walls in the background.
8:14 I like how they sound more like children finding special rocks in the playground than actual professionals or scientists
You literally did ctrl+c ctrl+v of the other comment
They were neither professionals nor scientists. They were pilots. Big kids with expensive toys doing something crazy.......as usual.
@Samar Oh cOpiEd CoMmEnT OoO
@utubejeffo What do you even mean they weren’t professionals? They definitely seem like being an astronaut is their job.
@Samar ok?
Coming back to this one after being sucked down the rabbit hole of everything quantum, makes me wonder if going to the moon expecting to find something, somehow biassed the outcome of the actual research... Or as been explained in "the ninth planet": if you are looking for evedince of something, you will surely find it! But that doesn't mean it's the truth.
"America is conducting nuclear experiments for the benefit of all Nations..." wow, they really had a great sense of humour in the 60's
Why? It was a benefit to all nations. The increrase of illnesses due to the nuclear radiation and the from this following increase of illness of the people caused the medical industrie to produce more drugs, increasing these companies sales and therefore amount of tax they have to pay, which then resulted in the governments having more money they could spent for their people. So see, the nuclear tests benefited all mankind. P.S.: If you can find the irony in this comment, you may keep it.
It kinda was. There hasn't really been a battle on the scales of Stalingrad or Ypres since August 9th, 1945.
It did benefit all nations because it ended the WWII. If U.S.A. did drop those two bombs in Japan, imperial Japanese army would have continued their evil doings to no end.
sounds like a plausible cover story to me!!
I'm really glad you worked with Bill Nye in his new series. I would have never found Veritasium and Physics Girl if you hadn't. Keep on science-ing!
Derek does it again! Brilliant video. Atomic bombs, craters, impacts and the Apollo programme. Thanks.
Thoroughly enjoyed the video can sense the excitement and enthusiasm of the host made it a 10/10 for me
How much of the Nevada Test Site did you get to visit? I toured it in the 80's when I worked for a DOE contractor. It was the most amazing trip of my life.
Not much since it’s a classified area
How did you get permission to film? All of the sources I have found do not allow any still or video cameras on a tour of the sites. I would like to take the tour when they begin them again. (Post-covid?)
My great grandfather worked at the base near the test site and since then everyone in my family on his side have all died from cancer. Including my sister who passed by the age 37.
I'm so sorry
I love that scientists can be pretty sure the moon was once molten just from little white rocks in their samples, their knowledge is just incredible to me.
a magma moon doesn't explain why the moon rang like a bell (indicating that it's hollow!) when it was hit with a satellite at speed.
this video was amazing. I really love the historic clips added giving context to what you're talking about.
How on earth did you get a Moon sample from the Apollo 11 mission???? And I actually watch it via TV in a State Park in central NY, I was 14 at that time. If I went back to that State Park today, I can point out where I sat and watched it on TV outside, running on a Honda Generator!!!😊
Most of the craters on the lunar surface have shallow, flat floors with modest slopes. This is in contrast to the deep pit and steep angle of the nuclear test crater. Meteor crater also has a flat floor and modest slope angle. When observing the moon one should also consider the peculiar craters; those that have craters perched preferentially on the rim of another crater, straight edge craters that form polygonal shapes such as a hexagon, and raised mounds/clumps/rocks at the center if flat craters. These features are reproduceable using electrical discharge machining in low pressure silica. Electrical currents can also produce intense heat and thunderstorms can produce gamma rays, so its not unlikely that a large current could heat the moon and form the crystalline rock and shocked quarts. Thanks for the upload.
i like how they piloted the LEM with no LEM time and got it right six times each time with a no experienced pilot when they had men with stick time (former astronauts ) on the LEM. Because NASA is magic like that.
"11 of the 12 men visited the site" So the 12th guy just kinda arrived and flew to the moon?
Nah he was actually an alien
He was the imposter
@Karşıyakalı Ege HAHA SO FUNNY BECAUSE AMONG US GET IT
@Police33 u good mate...?
@ReviloAnimates dang u watching this at night?
Is it possible for a meteorite to come to a soft landing, given the right speed and trajectory, and not create a crater explosion? Could a rock land on earth similar to how an airplane touches down, staying partially intact?
I noticed in the nuke test footage, there was a black smoke coming off of the buildings before the actual shockwave hit them. Was that paint burning off from the flash? I'm just so intrigued about how hot that flash is.
2 years late but yeah thats basically it.
Training the astronauts in geology was great, but there was really no substitute for training geologist Harrison "Jack" Schmitt as an astronaut.
That guy calmingly shutting the fridge door while the nuke's going 5 4 3....
That's Indiana Jones if he had a crisis before getting in
Cold beer on a HOT day can take your breath away.
@Llama Man no
@Llama Man why are ppl asking for hate on their videos- like what’s the point? Just curious
it was in the early morning on 21st July 1969 ( GMT / UTC is the only relevant time-coordinate for space events ) in the USA iw was still July 20th late afternoon hours Landing date (touch-down) July 20, 1969, 20:17:40 UTC 20th JULY Neil Armstrong became the first person to step onto the surface six hours and 39 minutes later on July 21st at 02:56 UTC ; Aldrin joined him 19 minutes later
Why are you testing nukes underground? USGOV: Oh, er, for constructing canals...
There were plans to nuke a canal from the mediterranean to the sahara depression so they weren't the only ones. Using nukes to make an artificial ocean... the 60's were wild!
meanwhile in USSR, let's try constructing a nuke lake
meanwhile in USSR, let's try constructing a nuke lake
Nukes were seen as legitimate tools for various things other than war. Crazy times.
Another amazing and well made video! Looking forward for the next one.
i asked this in a video that you posted 2 years ago, but regarding the double slit experiments and the quantum eraser experiment, is it possible that as particles travel and their properties oscillate, like how a photon is an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency, that they release an immediately undetectable amount of energy in the form of virtual particles? i say "immediately undetectable" because over relatively short distances it wouldnt be noticeable, like the light from our sun or the other stars in our galaxy, but if you could collect these virtual particles before they annihilate each other, and keep them from annihilating each other, over a looooooong time you would see a detectible amount of energy. how does this deal with the double slit experiments? well, if it does give off virtual particles as its frequency peaks with each oscillation, then that virtual wave could go through the opposite slit and interfere with the particles trajectory on the other side. well how does this fit in with the part where the photon will produce 2 lines if we detect which slit it went through? well that has to do more with how we detect the photon, they are electromagnetic waves, so the only way we can detect which slit they went through is with a very sensitive electromagnetic detector, which gives off a very small magnetic field, this magnetic field is kind of a barrier for virtual particles, so the wave doesnt get through and thus doesnt interfere with the photons trajectory. i know this is all postulation, but you gotta ask before you can find out, right? also, its possible that once you turn a photon into 2 entangled photons, that one photon gives off "regular" virtual particles and the other gives off "anti" virtual particles, which would conserve energy, and make the entanglement mystery a little less of a mystery. if entangled particles give off opposite virtual particles, then this could be the link that connects them. energy needs to be conserved so as you distance these 2 entangled particles for one another their virtual particles need to annihilate, so instead of being a wave that propagates out in every direction, the virtual particles are pulled to their opposites and annihilate in the middle, pretty much instantaneously no matter how far apart the entangled particles are. these are virtual particles we're talking about, so they very well can teleport through space if their opposite is too far away. again just postulation, id love to hear your opinion.
0:05 I like how the subtitles say "Neil Armstrong and Buzz Lightyear set food on the moon"
Extremely educational! So much better than watching useless videos of talentless people. Thanks so much!
It would be interesting to see a video done about Sergei Korolev. Without him there would have been no space race. Like the United States the Soviet Union wanted to design ballistic missiles that could cross the ocean instead of being launched from submarines. Sergei knew just what buttons to push to make the Soviet Union's rigid higher command move in new directions (i.e. put a satellite in space and you can spy on the Americans, put the first man in space and you can embarrass the Americans, etc). There was a book written all about him that I read, but can no longer recall the title. He influenced American authorities to start satellite programs. It was Korolev's group that suggested the international prestige of launching a satellite before the United States could act, and basically started the space race. I believe the Soviets would have beaten the Americans to the moon if Sergei hadn't died, but ultimately it was the Soviets who killed him when they sent him to the Gulag in 1938 during Stalin's Great Purge. He was an extraordinary man who was the glue that held together the Soviet's space program and at the time was one of the Soviet's most closely guarded secrets. Please do a video on that. I'm sure you could tie science into the whole history lesson, and even take a trip to Russia. Where the American program was largely held together by former German war criminals the Soviet program was managed by this extraordinary man.
From the Earth to the Moon, Episode 10: Galileo Was Right goes in depth in Apollo astronauts' geological training. Great series. I recommend it highly. That twinkling rock on lunar rover recording is known as "the genesis rock"
Would be cool if it became a regular occurance to bring back big samples of moon dust and see if you can grow stuff in it.
Thank you sir , i learn a lot from every video you post , very good and professional work!
Maybe someone already asked this but I wonder what the cameras were built of/mounted on to not get blown away in those shots of the houses getting destroyed
They're facing away from the blast and there was a big steel plate or bolder shielding them.
Never thought or was even told about the moon forming from the earth. 😱 this is amazing! Thank you! 😊
Actually if you read Genesis, the Bible. God created the Sun to light the day ànd the Moon to light the night ! And if you're a Flat Earther, the Sun and the Moon and Black Sun and the lights except for Polaris orbit the Earth which is motionless and not from a big bang😎☕ LoL. I had to get that off my chest 😀
And here we are now, our first unmanned mission back to the moon. It's awesome!
Question: Where does one find these old video clips (like the plowshare commercial)? Do you just look for them online or is there some type of archive somewhere? I'd be super thankful for an answer, I've been thinking about this for so long! Cheers, Thies
The fact that the guy said "yes sirr" in the moon is such a legend
Wonderful! Educative and entertaining af 👌
“Crystal rock!” “Yes sir!” I love astronauts.
Amazing story teller. I think you could make " Papercuts: how they happen, treating and preventing them" interesting.
Can anyone tell me, when the blast happens and the objects start to seem like they are disintegrating into dust before being blown away... is that pretty much what's happening?
For most of them, that's the paint on the vehicle or building being vapourised.
I consider myself to be fairly knowledgeable when it comes to NASA and the space program but I had absolutely no idea that we used explosives here on Earth to try and exactly reproduce a section of the moon. Veritasium, I salute you! Thanks for continuing to tell us about the more obscure but equally interesting aspects of our existence.
10:00 NB: Dark regions are not randomly called 'mare', asthe video might make you feel. It means 'sea', as it geographically reminds us of our seas. The closer, our, side of the moon is full of them and has less craters, not because it's younger, but because it's harder for meteors to hit our 'inner' side of the moon. On google maps you can open satellite images and then choose moon (as well as other planets, it's really cool💜). Check out the outer side, it's been severely molested by meteorites to a an almost disturbing sight:) Furthermore, if you know where to look and zoom in, you can find satellite images of various lunar landings.
What about this infact scientific consensus is that the moon side facing us is younger than the far side. That’s exactly why it’s got less craters, because it’s younger. It’s got nothing to do with meteors having a harder time hitting the inner side.The moon is far enough away from the earth for that not to be a factor.
Do you think underground explosions might help us to better understand closed volcano explosions?
This guy makes science fun